open up the misc_equip.ini file and scroll down past the [power entries to the scanner ones (see below)
[Scanner
nickname = ge_s_scanner_01
ids_name = 263750
ids_info = 264750
volume = 0.000000
mass = 10
range = 2500
cargo_scan_range = 2000
lootable = false

[Scanner
nickname = ge_s_scanner_02
ids_name = 263751
ids_info = 264751
volume = 0.000000
mass = 10
range = 5000
cargo_scan_range = 2000
lootable = false

Two scanners here - depends what your ship uses. Range and cargo_scan_range are pretty self explanatory i think - just increase them..........if in SP - make range 10000 and cargo_scan_range 10000 if you like (for both depending on what ship you fly you may have either). In MP though you can''t see or scan over 5k - so change them both to 5k for that
Use save as function and type in the file name again - otherwise it saves it as a .txt file and you'll get nothing!
Chips

for the tractorbeam?

Look in the same file for the tractor beam - increase its grab range and grab speed